Internal-combustion engine



F`. w. DuFwA INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Aug. 16,

I l Aug 6 1927 F. w. DuFwA INTERNAL coMUsTI'oN ENGINE Filed Nay- 13.1926 3 sheetssheet z l lll/fill! s Aug. 16, 1927.

F. W. DUFWA INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 13. 1926 3 SheqtS-Sheet3 Patented Aug. 16, 1927. l

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK WILLIAM DUFWA, OF MEXICO, MEXICO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led May 13,

rlhis invention relates to certain new and useful improvements ininternal combustion engines and more particularly to the valve structurethereof, the primary object of the invention being to produce a motorwherein the valve structure is of a design to eliminate all hammeringnoises that are usually present in internal combustion engines of thetype employing reciprocating control valves.

vWith the above and other object-s in view that vwill become apparent asthe nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists ofthe novel form, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter morefully described shown in the accompanying drawings and claimed. n

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters designatecorresponding partsv throughout the several views,v j

YFigure 1 is a fragmentary front elevational view of an internalcombustion engine lconstructed in accordance with the present invention,

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the same, 'Y I Figure 3 isavertical cross-sectional view showing the circular valveseat andswinging spherical valve, j

Figure l is a. fragmentary top plan view, Figure 5 is a detail sectionalview showing the valve in the form of a sector of a sphere engaging thering formation of valve seat, v l

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view of the valve showing Ventilatingopenings therein,

Figure 7 is cross sectional view of another forin of valve carryingshaft wherein heat radiating fins project inwardly' of the tubularshaft, l 1 f -Figure 8 -is a fragmentary sectional view showing pipeconnections between opposite ends of the tubular valve carrying shaftand the water cooling chambers of the engine cylinder and head, 1

Figure 9 is a detail sectional view showing the strap connection betweenYthe hollow Vvalve and the tubular `valve carrying shaft, Figures 10 and11 show sectional -views of other forms vof air cooled valves andshafts, and f Figures 12 and 13 show eccentrically operatedv'alves,respectively, in,y closed and open positions. L i

Referring more in detail to the accompanying drawings, there isillustrated an 1926. serial No. 108,965.

internal combustion engine, the crank case l of which vis fragmentarilyillustrated, said crank case supporting a cylinder 2 upon the upper endof whichv the head 3 is mounted, the cylinder and head being pro-` videdwith the usual water cooling jacket. The crankshaft 4 Vjournaled in thecrank case 1 carries the connecting rod that is attached to the piston 6that works in the cylinder 2 as shown in Fig. 3. The head 3 on thecylinder extends transversely of the upper end ofthe cylinder andisprovided in the opposite ends respectively, withinlet yand exhaustopenings 7 and 8 while provisionis made centrally of the upper side ofthe cylinder head to accommodatethe mounting of the spark plug 9. l

The cylinder 2 is provided with the usual bore 10 in which the piston 6reciprocates,

vwhile the head 3 is provided with the usual explosion chamber 11,said'head being provided with inlet and exhaust valve controlledopeningsv formed in partition walls spaced from opposite ends of thehead forming outerinlet and exhaust chambers 12 v,and 13 as shown inFig. 3. The partition wall 111 as shown in detail in Fig. 5. is in theform imy of an annular flangev projecting inwardlyv from said wall, saidflangebeing vthreaded foi--reception of` the externally threaded valveseat ring'15, the operative face of which is of spherical formation asat 15a.

The valve associated with each ring seat 15 is in the form of asector ofa sphere in which the convex spherical wall 16 is closed by the plane17, the spherical wall 16 of the valve intimatelyengaging the spherical-face 16 of the valve ring 15, while the latter is adjustable in view ofits threaded mounting to compensate for wear andthe like. The supportfor the valve includes a tubular shaft 18 journaled transversely ofthecylinder head 3 inwardly of and adjacent to a partition wall 14 and aring 19 secured to the t-ubular shaft carries bracket arms 2O attachedto the plane wall 17 of the valve, this construction being clearly shownin Figs. 5 and 6.

The operating means for the valveV is shown more clearly in Figs. 1 and2 wherein the cams'21 upon the cam shafts 22 engage roller bearings atthe lower ends ofy the valve lifter rods 23, said rods 23 beingsimilarly `formed bores in the bearings 24:

and 25 which prevent rotation of said lifting rods. A. bracket 23carries a pair of arms 27 and 28 that are secured to the valve liftingrod 23 at points between the bearings 2st and 25 while a coil spring 29surrounds the valve lifting rod A3 between the bracket arm 27 andbearing25 for normally forcing the valve lifting rod 23 in a downward directioninto constant engagement with the cani 2l upon the shaft 22. A link 30is pivotally mounted at its lower end as 3l upon 'the upper end of thebracket 2G with the upper end of said `link pivoted as at 32 toA one endof the lever that is securely attached to the adjacent projecting end ofthe tubular shaft 13 that supporto the valve. The valve operatingmechanism for both the inlet and exhaust valves is identical as shown inFigs. l and P" forming the valve supporting shaft i3 tubularconstruction7 air is permitted to circulate therethrough for coolingpurpr'isesg while, as shown in Fig. 3, the arc ate face 1G of thespherical valve may be provided with ventilating openings 311- forcooling the valve.

The operation of the engine is accomplished in the usual manner, theexplosive charge entering the explosion chamber ll through the inletport i', chamber l2 and through the valve controlled opening, the partsbeing positioned in Fig. 3 at the time of exhausting with theexhaustvalve open and the piston 6 at the lower'end of the cylinderready to ascend to discharge or force the spent gas through the exhaustopening 8. The valves being in the form of sectors of spheres with theconvex faces thereof working on spherical faces of valve ring seats, allhammering and unnecessary noises are eliminated in the operation of thevalves and veffectively silent motor is produced. ln addition to thewater cooling chamber surrounding the cylinder and head, air circulatingthrough the hollow shaft supporting the valves effectively cools thesame while said valve may be further cooled by providing ventilatingopenings in the convez; walls thereof.

ills shown in Fig. 7, the tubular valve supporting rod 13 is providedupon the inner face thereof with spaced longitudinally extendingradiating [ins 18h which extend into the bore ofthe tubular shaft to aidin cooling the shaft.

@ther forms of valves and cooling means therefor are shown in lTigs. Sto13, and as shown in 3 to ll, the tubular valve carrying shaft 35 vhavinga lateral opening 36 in the side wall thereof intermedi:=. te its endsthat communicates with the hollow valve 37 that is in the form of asector of a sphere. The connection between the valve 37 and the tubularshaft 3.) is shown in 'detail in llig. 9, the rear wall of the 'valveem- 1,aee,217

ris shown in Figs. 3 and 9, lthe casting i-l of internally threaded forthe reception of the removable valve seat i2 with which the curved wallof the hollow valve'37 Acooperates while said valveseat is yeffectivelycooled by contact with the inner wall of the water cnamber. Pipesections extend between the cylinder and head, and the tubular valvecarrying shaft as shown in Fig-3 each end of the shaft 35 carrying anipple i3 extending outwardly of the shaft ends with a watertightbearing thereinyone nipple having a pipe connection lll with .the watercooling chamber of the cylinder 2 while the other nipple 43 has a pipeconnection 45 with the water cooling chamber of the head 3. lt will'therefore be seen that the cooling medium freely flows through thetubular shaft 35 that forms communication between the water chambers .ofthe cylinder and head, the cooling medium passing through the sidevopening 36 in the shaft 35 to enter ythe hollow valve 37 as will at oncebe evident from an inspection of Figs. 3 and 9.

' ln the form of the invention shown in Fig. 10, and intended only forthe escape val-ve, air is caused to flow through the tubular valve shaft35 while a diagonally disposed fin i6 extending from one side ofthelateral shaft opening 36 dividesthe flow .of v air and causes part ofthe same to .enter the hollow valve .37' to be diffused by the T shapedabutment l? positioned within the hollow valve. The location of the fin46 permits part of the air to pass vdirectly through the tubular shaft35 while a sufficient quantity of air enters the 'hollow valve 37 tocool the same and escape through the opening in the middle of thespherical side -of the valve.

'houses a. T shaped abutment 47 having the leg thereof extendingsubstantially completely .transversely of the Ytubular Kshaft to causethe 4entire body of .air to be `diverted into the hollow valve andescape at the opposite end of the shaft.

In the form of valve shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the cylinder head wall 2has a removable valve seat Qset therein and with which valveseat thevalve 50V is associated.` The valve 5() is in the form of a sector of asphere and has a valve operating rod 51 eccentrically attached theretoand extending diagonally through the cylinder head wall 2 in the bearing52 with the valve operating means associated with the outer projectingend thereof. In the several forms of valves disclosed, the operatingmeans therefor is the same as illustrated in Figs. l andQ.

Vhile there are herein shown and described the preferred embodiments ofthe present invention, it is nevertheless to be understood that minorchanges may be made therein without departing from the spirit and sco-peof the invention as claimed.

What is claimed as new is l. In an internal combustion engine, anOscillating Valve in the form of a sector'of a sphere that is roundedupon its operative side, a spherical valve seat cooperating with theconvexed side of the valve anda support for the valve at the concaveside thereof. I 2. In an internal combustion engine, a crank case, acylinder carried by the crank case, ahead at the upper end of thecylinder, said head having inlet and exhaust ports, a tubular shaftjournaled in said headadjan cent each port and a swingingly mountedvalve on one side of each shaft cooperating with an adjacent port.

3. In a valve structure for internal combustion engines, a. tubularvalve carrying shaft and a hollow valve in the form of a' sector of asphere carried by one side of the tubular shaft and communicatingtherewith.

4. In a valve structure for internal combustion engines, a tubular valvecarrying shaft and a hollow valvecarried by the tubular shaft andcommunicating therewith,

FREDERICK WILLIAM DUEWA. i

